Roulette system described in this paper.) The study of the motion of a ball along its track on the roulette wheel requires only classical mechanics, studied by every student of physics. Based on the same physics that explains that a ball rolling uphill will lose speed and a ball rolling downhill will gain speed. You should also check out our page that covers physics in roulette, by the way. In European Roulette the payout on hitting any one of the 36 red or black numbers on the wheel is 35 to 1. It’s the highest payout you can achieve with a single bet and so of course means that.

1. Physics Formula Buoyancy
2. Roulette Physics Formula Calculator
3. Roulette Physics Formula Physics
4. Roulette Physics Formula Calculator
5. Roulette Physics Formula Equation

Use physics to beat roulette. If you want to beat the house at roulette, it helps to think like a physicist. A simple model of the motion of a roulette wheel and ball, based on physics principles and confirmed by experiments on an actual wheel, has revealed two ways of overcoming the usual odds against roulette players.

Since roulette is a game of chance, there is no way for players to predict with absolute certainty where the little white ball will land on the next spin. Yet, the main goal of all roulette players is to win and get the most from the game with their bets when they join the roulette table. One easy way to achieve this is to manage your bankroll efficiently.

There are several aspects of adequate bankroll management. The most important thing is to determine the size of your overall bankroll, or the amount of money you intend to set aside for a given betting session. The next step is setting a base betting unit for yourself or the amount of money you put on stake per spin.

Less experienced players, who have trouble deciding on the size of their base betting unit in relation to their overall bankroll, can resort to using the so-called roulette betting calculators. The said calculators are available online and often can be used free of charge. The use of these calculators can be especially helpful to players, who are looking to incorporate a specific betting system into their roulette session in order to generate more substantial profits.

How Does a Roulette Betting Calculator Work?

Using the roulette betting calculators available online is quite straightforward. The calculators aim at indicating what the most suitable base betting unit for a given player will be on the basis of their bankroll size. The base betting unit is the sum players put on stake on each spin of the ball.

It is important to remember that discipline plays a crucial role at the roulette table – the size of the base betting unit is meant to be a fixed constant that players stick to throughout their betting session. Sticking to the fixed unit ensures players are spending the optimum amount of time at the table while still being able to turn a decent profit whenever they experience a longer winning streak.

This is how the online roulette betting calculators work. All players are required to do is enter the exact amount of their bankroll in the respective field and click on the Calculate button. For example, let’s assume you have set aside £200 for a single roulette betting session. The calculator will compute three different betting units using this sum, namely a safe unit, a recommended unit and a high-risk unit. Which one you choose to adopt depends on the type of roulette player you are, more risk-averse player or a high roller.

Many roulette experts recommend players to use a base unit that amounts to 2% of the total bankroll and caution them to steer clear of using a unit that exceeds 5% of the sum, they are planning to spend on a single betting session. Inexperienced roulette players are often advised to stick to base units amounting to 1% of their bankrolls, at least until they figure out what betting strategy works best for them.

Safe Betting Units

Physics Formula Buoyancy

If you enter £200 as the size of your overall bankroll, the calculator will compute that your safe betting unit amounts to £2. This unit corresponds to 1% of your overall bankroll. Sticking to a safe betting unit might enable players to prolong the time they spend at the roulette table. It is recommended for players, who are more cautious with their money and are satisfied with putting relatively small amounts on stake.

However, players who choose a safe betting unit should bear in mind there are maximum and minimum stake limits at landbased roulette tables. Often, it might be impossible to bet only £1 per spin since in landbased casinos, the minimum roulette bets usually start at £5. Nevertheless, this issue can easily be resolved by playing the game online. Many web-based gambling operators offer low stakes roulette variations where it is possible to make bets of £1 or even £0.50. So, if you decide to stick to a safe betting unit, you should consider joining a low stake roulette game from the comfort of your home.

Recommended Betting Units

The second unit the calculator will compute is the recommended betting unit. You may notice that the recommended unit always corresponds to 2% of your overall bankroll, regardless of the sum you have initially entered. In our case, the recommended betting unit for a bankroll of £200 would amount to more than £4. This is, in fact, the ideal base unit since it allows players to optimise the time they spend at the roulette table, while at the same time giving them a rush of adrenaline on every spin of the ball.

Also, sticking to the recommended unit may help you minimise your losses in case you experience a longer losing streak since you will not be risking a substantial percentage of your bankroll on each spin. Roulette novices should remember that it is better to settle for smaller wins than parting with their entire bankroll in a few spins by putting heftier sums on stake.

High-Risk Betting Units

The roulette betting calculators available online also compute high-risk betting units, suitable for the type of player, who prefers to bet big and collect greater profits, respectively. The roulette betting calculator has computed a high-risk betting unit of £8 for the bankroll of £200, used in this example. The sum corresponds to 4% of the overall bankroll amount and is considered the highest, yet the safest bet limit in the game of roulette.

Players, who opt for using higher-risk bet units, are recommended to be careful when putting their funds on stake in order to prevent losing more money they are comfortable with. If you are anxious or get infuriated each time you lose on a spin, this might serve as an indicator the high-risk betting unit is not for you. If that is the case, you should consider reducing the size of your next bets to the recommended bet unit to prevent being tempted to bet too much when you suffer a losing streak.

Determining the Best Base Betting Unit

Online roulette betting calculators predominantly focus on giving players an idea of the best range of units they should put on stake at the roulette table. At the end of the day, it is up to players to decide on the amount they wish to bet per each spin. However, players are recommended to join the roulette table only with money they are comfortable playing with, and potentially losing.

If the thought of losing a given amount of money per spin makes you sweat with anxiety, you should avoid putting this sum on stake. It is of utmost importance to stick to the limits you have set for yourself and feel comfortable with. Remember the best betting unit for yourself is the one that allows you to maximise the time you spend at the roulette table without causing you to risk a substantial part of your bankroll.

Another thing to take into account is the fact that these calculators are meant to be used solely for reference purposes. In order to find a balance, players are recommended to experiment a little with their base betting units and adjust them until they find a unit they are most comfortable with.

Most importantly, when you have found the betting unit that works best for you, you need to stick to it when you join the roulette table, regardless of what happens. Sometimes, players are tempted to increase their betting units whenever they suffer a lengthy losing streak in an attempt to recoup their losses. However, there is no guarantee the next spin will result in winning, so increasing the bet units dramatically might end up costing you your entire bankroll.

A Few Words in Conclusion

Roulette Physics Formula Calculator

While online roulette betting calculators are useful in helping players determine the size of their base betting units, the effect they have on your bets winning or losing is equal to nil. In addition, if you search online, you may be able to find a range of roulette calculators that compute the probability of winning with specific roulette bets. Some calculators go as far as “predicting” which the next number to be spun will be.

There is one very important thing to remember, namely the fact there is no relation between the spins. Each spin is independent and does not affect the outcome of the spins that are to follow. This indicates all numbers on the roulette wheel have equal chances of coming up on the next spin, so there is no possible way to predict the outcome with absolute certainty. This practically renders calculators that compute the outcomes on the basis of previous winning numbers useless.

However, calculators that compute betting units might prove to be useful when it comes to players’ money management. But it is up to players decide whether or not they are comfortable with using the betting units, suggested by the calculators.

Albert Einstein supposedly once said: “No one can win at roulette unless he steals money from the table while the croupier isn’t looking.”

Although I wouldn’t normally question Einstein, this statement isn’t true. In fact, you can use Einstein’s specialist subject, physics, to help you win. Or you can find a biased wheel that makes some numbers more likely to come up.

What Einstein actually meant was that there is no mathematical trick that can help you win at roulette. Each spin is an independent trial and, in the long run, the casino will win. This is different to a game such as Blackjack where the probabilities change as cards are dealt.

But some believe that it is possible to exploit the way the roulette wheel, and the betting cloth, is laid out to give themselves an advantage. The idea is that you can make bets on the layout in a way that you are guaranteed to win. But is this really possible?

Roulette wheel layout

Like a dartboard, the layout of a roulette wheel did not come about by accident. It was carefully planned and exhibits certain properties. In fact, there are two different layouts. An American wheel and a European wheel. The two layouts are shown below.

Notice that the American wheel has two zeroes. This is important as it doubles the advantage for the casino. On a European wheel you would expect to lose, in the long run, 2.7% of any money you bet with. On an American wheel you can expect to lose 5.26% (if you are interested in the mathematics of roulette, the video at the end will show you how these odds are calculated).

Roulette Physics Formula Physics

The numbers are arranged in a different order on each wheel but there are some similarities in the patterns. On both wheels, the red and black numbers alternate around the wheel, although if you removed the zeroes, the American wheel would have consecutive reds and blacks. The wheels are also structured so that the low numbers (1-18) and the high numbers (19-36) should alternate as much as possible.

On a European wheel, this is only violated where the 5 sits next to the 10 (both low numbers). On the American wheel, there are many examples where this rule is violated. It is for this reason that the American wheel is considered not as balanced as the European wheel. Both wheels also try to distribute odd and even numbers as evenly as possible. But again there are a number of violations of this rule on both wheels.

On the European wheel there are two other interesting symmetries. First, all the low red numbers and black high numbers are on one side of the zero, and the high red numbers and low black numbers are on the other side. Second, the sequence 29-7-28-12-35-3-26-0-32 contains no numbers between 13 and 24 (the second dozen). You can place a bet on the whole of the second dozen, with odds of 2-1.

So, can we beat the maths?

A simple search on Google will return many (possibly millions) of systems for playing (and supposedly winning) roulette. Some easy, some complicated, some well described, some not so.

A system should really be a combination of a playing strategy and a money management strategy. Perhaps the best known money management strategy is the Martingale system. This system is guaranteed to win money as long as you have enough of a bankroll to double your bet after every loss and you do not hit the table limit, which you will quickly do so. The Martingale system is probably the quickest way to bankruptcy known to man.

Whatever betting strategy, and money management strategy, you choose, they all suffer from the same fate. Assuming that each number on the wheel has the same probability of being selected – meaning the wheel is not biased – the maths means the casino will always win. The system may look good, and may work in the short term, but when one of the numbers comes up that you have not bet on you will lose and the casino will move towards its win expectation (2.7% or 5.26%).

Roulette Physics Formula Calculator

Some systems involve betting on many numbers, perhaps 20. In this case, you will win quite often as you are covering more than half of the numbers. But when one of the numbers does not turn up (and it will almost half the time) you lose all of the 20 bets you have made. This will often wipe out any wins to date.

Any system, so far devised, can be analysed to show that there is a win expectation for the casino. The following video shows the maths.

You might as well place a single chip on the same number every time and hope that it appears more than it should during the short time that you are playing.

Roulette Physics Formula Equation

We can dress up the layout of the wheel, the layout of the betting cloth, our number selection and our money management system however we like, but the maths is always there, quietly working against us. You might as well just have fun, pick random numbers and trust to Lady Luck. Either that, or do as Einstein suggested and steal chips (not that we’d recommend it).